Homeostasis
Homeostasis is the ability of an open system to regulate its internal environment to maintain a stable condition by means of multiple dynamic equilibrium adjustments controlled by interrelated regulation mechanisms. All living organisms, whether unicellular or multicellular, exhibit homeostasis.[34]
In order to maintain dynamic equilibrium and effectively carry out certain functions, a system must detect and respond to perturbations. After the detection of a perturbation, a biological system will respond through at least one of the two forms of feedback: negative feedback andpositive feedback.[35] Negative feedback consists of reducing the output or activity of an organ or system back to its normal range of functioning. One example is the human body's release of insulin when blood sugar levels are too high. Another example is the release ofglucagon when sugar levels are too low. Positive feedback mechanisms are designed to accelerate or enhance an output, and not necessarily to maintain an equilibrium. One example of a positive feedback event in the human body is the activation of blood platelets, which, in turn, release chemicals to activate more platelets, causing a rapid cascade and the formation of a blood clot in response to a break or tear in the lining of blood vessels. Another example is the release of oxytocin to intensify the contractions that take place during childbirth
Homeostasis is the ability of an open system to regulate its internal environment to maintain a stable condition by means of multiple dynamic equilibrium adjustments controlled by interrelated regulation mechanisms. All living organisms, whether unicellular or multicellular, exhibit homeostasis.[34]
In order to maintain dynamic equilibrium and effectively carry out certain functions, a system must detect and respond to perturbations. After the detection of a perturbation, a biological system will respond through at least one of the two forms of feedback: negative feedback andpositive feedback.[35] Negative feedback consists of reducing the output or activity of an organ or system back to its normal range of functioning. One example is the human body's release of insulin when blood sugar levels are too high. Another example is the release ofglucagon when sugar levels are too low. Positive feedback mechanisms are designed to accelerate or enhance an output, and not necessarily to maintain an equilibrium. One example of a positive feedback event in the human body is the activation of blood platelets, which, in turn, release chemicals to activate more platelets, causing a rapid cascade and the formation of a blood clot in response to a break or tear in the lining of blood vessels. Another example is the release of oxytocin to intensify the contractions that take place during childbirth
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